Introduction To Database And Database Management System

Introduction of the database and management systems

Hello everyone and Welcome to our site in this article we learned about the database and management systems or in short, 

we call it DBMS in this article we will be seeing the basic introduction to DBMS before DBMS we will see more about file systems and why we prefer the DBMS approach over the file system approach.

 Before we get into the topic let us see the outlines or the topics that we are going to see is the basic definitions or the basic terminologies that we need to know next we‘ll be looking into the defemination and functionalities of the database and management system.

And then we‘ll be discussing the properties of the database next we’ll be briefly looking into an illustration of a simplified database system environment and then finally to understand the database and its functionalities better we’ll be looking into an example of university database.

So, as we discussed first, we’ll be looking into the basic definitions in relation to DBMS the first one is data is any raw facts or unprocessed of a place any kind of text images audio video etc. all these are called as data next.

What is information these unprocessed facts or otherwise called data when they are processed to make a meaningful context then that is called as information or in other words, I can say it is processed data like for example the age of Sajid is 25.

So here I take the raw facts or the unprocessed facts process it to make a meaningful context and that is called as information next let us see what is database is a collection of related data now a random collection of data or data that is not related cannot be referred to as a database it has to be a collection of related data like for For example the data in an online banking system  the database has to be related to that particular bank similarly the data in library management system database has to be related to that particular library?

So, this is what we call as a database, the next one is metadata is nothing but the database definition or in other words, I can say it is the complete description of a database or it define the database information like the storage format or the data type of the data that. We are going to store in the database or the constraints on the data all this information is called metadata

So, these are the basic definitions we will see more definitions in relation to DBMS next let us see the definition of the database management system is a system to manage the database and here managing could be either storing of data or retrieval of data from the database now let’s look into the proper definition of database management system

Database management the system is a system or it is a software or l can say it is a collection of programs that enable users or that allows the users to create and maintain the database so this is a very simple definition now let’s move on to the functionalities of database management system database management system allows users to define the database to construct the database manipulate and share the database now defining

 

The database involves specifying the data type for the data that we are going to store in the database also specifying the structures and constraints for the data now constraints are nothing but the limits on the data like for example if I have age as the data to be stored then I can have a constraint say age greater than 18 so only if age is greater than 18 then only that data can be stored in the database

 

So that is what we call as a constraint, the next functionality constructing the database is nothing but the process of storing data on some storage medium or in other words I can say it is a storage of data so when data is stored a database is being constructed the next functionality manipulation of a database includes functions like querying the database to retrieve or to get any data that the user needs it also allows users to update the database and for generating reports the next functionality sharing the database allows multiple users and programs to access the database concurrently or simultaneously or in other words, I can say many users can access or share the same database at the same time in an efficient manner

So these are the main functionalities that DBMS provides the other functions provided by DBMS are protection of the database from unauthorized access or provided by DBMS are protection of the database from unauthorized access or form hardware or software failures and also maintenance of the database for a long period of time so that is with the functionalities of database management system next we be discussing the properties of the database there are three properties of the database of database, the first one is a database represents.

Some aspects of the real world or otherwise called the mini world so anything in this mini world the objects their properties the relationships between them all that is represented by a database and if there is any change in the real world that change will also, be reflected in the database the second property is a database is a logically coherent collection of data with inherent meaning

So as I said earlier a random collection of data or unrelated data cannot be referred to as a database the data in the database has to be related or logically coherent the next property is a database that is designed and then built and populated with data for a specific purpose so these are the three main properties of the database the first one is a database that represents the real world  secondly, it is a logically coherent collection of data and thirdly a the database is designed built and then filled with data for some purpose next let We look into an illustration of the database system environment.

 

So here we have the users or the programmer who writes queries or programs and these queries or programs are processed by the DBMS software and then based on the processed queries DBMS the software accesses the stored data in the database that is it accesses the stored database as well as it accesses the metadata as we have already seen metadata is the database definition.

 

So this is a simple illustration of a database system environment where users write their queries and it is processed by the DBMS software and based on the processed queries DBMS software accesses the store database as well as the metadata as we discussed in the outline finally to understand a database and its functionality is better we’ll be taking an example of a university database that stores student and course information

 

So here I have taken three tables the first one is the student table which holds information about the students in that university the second table is the course the database involves specifying the data type structures and constrain for the data that we are going to store in the database so here specifying the structure of each record means specifying the different types of data elements present in that particular record

 

So here we have three records the student record the course record and the grade report record and these columns are called as data elements in each record now specifying a data type would be now for example for student name I can say the data type should be a string of characters or for data element role number I can say the data type should be an integer and so on and we’ve already discussed what a constraint is I can give a constraint on the student name saying that student name cannot be null

 

So, this is all about defining database the next functionality constructing

The database is nothing but storing data so once data is being stored a database is being constructed the next functionality is constructing the database which is noting but storage of data so when data is stored a database is being constructed then.

 

We say database manipulation as the next functionality which involves querying and updating the database examples of queries would be listing all the students in the cs branch in that university or listing the grade received by a particular we saw the database manipulation as the next functionality which involves querying and updating the database examples of queries would be listing all the students in the cs branch in that university or listing  the grades received by a particular student in each course and taken we saw sharing the database where this particular database can be shared by many users at the same time in an Efficient Manner

So, this is a very simple example of a database that I‘ve taken to help you understand what a database is and also to understand its functionalities hope you all have understood the basic introduction to DBMS Thank You.